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本文基于语调格局及语调系统的思路[6,7],用音高起伏度的计算方法 [8],对四位香港粤语发音人的三组不同位置的强调焦点句进行系统分析,并以自然焦点句作为参照。从四位发音人的平均结果发现:(1)舒声、入声自然焦点句音高的最高点在句首调域的上线,最低点在句末调域的下线。句末词调域最宽,具有句末焦点句的特征。(2)舒声强调焦点句音高的最高点在强调焦点所在词调域的上线,最低点在句末的下线。焦点所在的调域最宽。(3)不同焦点位置的入声句,焦点调域的最大值在调域的上线。入声短促,下线提高,承载边界调的能力显著减弱。(4)四组实验句调域宽窄的顺序为:句末>句首>自然焦点>句中(84%>75%>71%>66%)。(5)香港粤语强调焦点句,句中焦点所在词调域未出现最大化扩展,焦点后音高无骤降,焦点后调域没有出现急剧压缩的现象(PFC)[22]。这一结果与北京普通话焦点所在词域的特点不同。本研究结果对于粤语教学和研究都具有重要意义。
Based on the intonation pattern and intonation system [6,7], this paper systematically analyzes the emphase focus sentences of three groups of four Cantonese speakers in Hong Kong using the method of pitch fluctuation [8] Focus sentence as a reference. From the average results of the four speakers found that: (1) Shu sound, into the natural focus of the highest sentence pitch in the first line of the tune domain on the line, the lowest point in the end of the tune domain off the assembly line. At the end of the sentence the most wide range of words, with the sentence at the end focus of sentence features. (2) Shusheng emphasizes the highest point of the focus of sentence focus on the line of the tone where the focus is located, the lowest point at the end of the sentence off the assembly line. The area where the focus is the widest. (3) Into the voice of different focus positions, the maximum adjustment of the focus area in the transfer domain on the line. Into shortness of breath, off-line to enhance the carrying capacity of the boundary adjustment significantly weakened. (4) The order of the four groups of experimental sentences is as follows: sentence ending> sentence beginning> natural focus> sentence (84%> 75%> 71%> 66%). (5) In Cantonese, Hong Kong, emphasis is placed on the focus sentences. The focus of the sentence does not appear to have maximized expansion in the tone domain. After the focus, there is no dip in the pitch and there is no sharp compression of the post-focus domain (PFC) [22]. This result is different from that of the vocabulary in which Beijing Mandarin focuses. The results of this study are of great significance to Cantonese teaching and research.