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利用优质恢复系测258为轮回亲本与粳型糯稻新品系IR75862杂交创制的BC1F7回交导入系群体,在广西南宁和海南三亚定位了产量相关性状(二次枝梗数、穗总粒数、穗实粒数、粒重和穗重)、粒型(粒长、宽、厚)和碾磨品质(糙米率、精米率和整精米率)的主效QTL并剖析其环境互作效应。双亲在穗实粒数、千粒重、粒长和粒宽及整精米率等性状上存在显著差异。各产量相关性状间呈极显著正相关,而与千粒重和粒长呈极显著负相关。多数产量及粒型相关性状与3种碾磨品质相关不显著。在南宁和三亚环境下检测到影响产量相关性状、粒型及碾磨品质的主效QTL共计57个,包括二次枝梗数6个,穗实粒数4个,穗总粒数、粒重和穗重各5个,粒长9个,粒宽7个,粒厚1个,糙米率4个,精米率5个和整精米率6个,分布在除第11染色体外的所有染色体上。多数影响枝梗数、穗粒数和粒重的QTL成簇分布,而且与影响糙米率、精米率和整精米率的QTL分布在不同染色体区域。在第2、第3、第4、第5和第6染色体上鉴定出影响穗粒数、粒重、粒型及碾磨品质的重要QTL,这些QTL在以往不同遗传背景和环境下被多次检测到。在第8染色体RM152～RM310区间鉴定到1个影响粒长和粒宽的新的QTL,能同步增加粒宽和粒长。鉴定出的这些稳定表达的QTL具有标记辅助选择育种的应用价值。整精米率是受环境影响最大的性状,其QTL的环境互作效应明显。对QTL的环境互作效应特点及其在品种标记辅助改良中的作用进行了深入探讨。
The BC1F7 backcross inbred lines, which was created by a cross between the recurrent parent line and Japonica glutinous rice line IR75862, were used to determine the yield-related traits (secondary branch number, total number of spikes, spikelets Grain number, grain weight and panicle weight), grain size (grain length, breadth and thickness) and milling quality (brown rice rate, milled rice rate and milled rice rate) were analyzed and their environmental interaction effects were analyzed. Parents in the spike grain, grain weight, grain length and grain width and milled rice rate and other traits there are significant differences. There was a significant positive correlation between yield-related traits, but a very significant negative correlation with grain weight and grain length. Most yield and grain-related traits were not significantly correlated with the three milling qualities. A total of 57 major QTLs affecting yield-related traits, grain type and milling quality were detected in Nanning and Sanya, including 6 secondary branches, 4 spikelets per panicle, total grains per spike, grain weight and 5 panicle weight, 9 grain length, 7 grain width, 1 grain thickness, 4 brown rice rate, 5 milled rice rate and 6 milled rice rate, all distributed on chromosomes except chromosome 11. Most QTLs affecting the number of branches, grains per spike and grain weight were clustered, and the QTLs affecting brown rice rate, milled rice rate and milled rice rate were distributed in different chromosome regions. Important QTLs affecting kernel number, grain weight, grain size and milling quality were identified on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. These QTLs were identified by multiple genetic backgrounds and environments detected. A new QTL affecting grain length and grain width was identified on the RM152 ~ RM310 interval on chromosome 8, which could increase grain width and grain length synchronously. The identified QTLs with stable expression have the value of marker-assisted selection breeding. Whole milled rice rate is the most affected by the environment traits, the QTL environmental interaction effect is obvious. The effects of environmental interaction on QTLs and their roles in the improvement of variety markers were discussed in depth.