现代化建设与提高中华民族的素质,随着改革开放的深入,已成为一个十分迫切的问题。而学校教育中的历史学科在发扬传统美德,提高民族素质上有着不可估量的重要作用。 民族素质有其自然性和社会性。自然性包括人的本能需求和生理基础,这是人的本能素质和身体素质。社会性又包括人的意识、行为活动、思维智能、个体心理,构成了人的思想素质、道德素质、文化素质和心理素质。马克思曾经说过:“人的本质,并不是单个人所固有的抽象物,在其现实性上,它是一切社会关系的总和。”可见,人在社会生活的作用下,反映出人的社会属性,并孕育着人 The modernization drive and the improvement of the quality of the Chinese nation have become a pressing issue with the deepening of reform and opening up. The history discipline in school education plays an invaluable role in promoting traditional virtues and improving the quality of the nation. National quality has its natural and social nature. Naturalness includes human instinctual needs and physiological basis. This is human instinctual quality and physical quality. Sociality also includes human consciousness, behavioral activities, intellectual intelligence, and individual psychology. It constitutes the ideological, moral, cultural, and psychological qualities of human beings. Marx once said: “The essence of man is not an abstract object inherent to a single person. In its reality, it is the sum of all social relations.” It can be seen that people’s society reflects people’s society under the influence of social life. Attributes and give birth to people