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目的分析广东省肇庆市活禽市场外环境禽流感污染状况,为人禽流感科学防治提供依据。方法 2014年-2016年随机选取肇庆市9个县市区活禽市场进行外环境采样,开展甲型流感和H5、H7、H9亚型实时荧光RT-PCR监测,对结果进行统计分析。结果 2014年-2016年共采集4 269份外环境样本,甲型流感和H5、H7、H9亚型核酸总阳性率分别为28.77%、5.43%、5.39%、15.44%;甲型流感在每年1月出现一个高峰;封开县未检出H7亚型,怀集县、四会市、鼎湖区H7亚型检出数较高;在不同类型的标本中,宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的甲型流感、H5及H7核酸阳性率最高(37.60%、12.22%、7.40%);外环境H7亚型检出较多的地区与H7N9病例分布呈正相关(r=0.701,P<0.05)。结论广东省肇庆市2014年-2016年活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒污染程度呈现季节性分布,不同样本类型分布状况不同,H7亚型的污染严重程度与H7N9病例感染分布呈正相关。
Objective To analyze the status of bird flu in the live poultry market in Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, and provide a basis for the scientific control of bird flu. Methods From 2014 to 2016, the live poultry markets of 9 counties in Zhaoqing were selected randomly for external environment sampling. Influenza A (H1N1) and H5, H7 and H9 subtypes were monitored by real-time RT-PCR. The results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 4 269 environmental samples were collected from 2014 to 2016. The positive rates of influenza A and H5, H7 and H9 subtypes were 28.77%, 5.43%, 5.39% and 15.44%, respectively. Influenza A H7 subtype was not detected in Fengkai County, and the number of H7 subtypes in Huaiji County, Sihui City and Dinghu District was higher than that in Huanji County. In different types of specimens, the number of H7 subtype on the surface of poultry meat was slaughtered or placed The positive rate of H5 and H7 was the highest (37.60%, 12.22%, 7.40%). There was a positive correlation between H7N9 and H7N9 (r = 0.701, P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of avian influenza virus in the live poultry market from 2014 to 2016 in Zhaoqing City of Guangdong Province showed a seasonal distribution. The distribution of H7 subtype was positively correlated with the distribution of H7N9 infection.