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目的:了解产妇、国际泌乳顾问、产科护士对围生期母乳喂养需求的认知情况，并分析其差异性，为制订干预措施提供理论依据。方法:采用目的抽样法，选取2021年2—6月同济大学附属第一妇婴保健院的10名产妇、6名国际泌乳顾问、6名产科护士共22名研究对象，进行半结构式深入访谈。访谈内容围绕围生期不同阶段的母乳喂养需求展开。结果:通过归纳分析，最终从对产妇和医务人员的访谈中提炼出了3个主题。产前教育认知差异：产妇产前缺乏主动了解母乳喂养意识，更希望产后及时得到解决，但是医务人员认为提供产前母乳喂养教育非常必要。住院期间哺乳支持认知异同：产后住院期间产妇和医务人员对加强产后健康教育、关注心理变化意见一致；不同的是，产妇更希望获得促进泌乳的相关信息和指导，但医务人员认为重点是提供哺乳技巧指导并加强医务人员专业培训。出院后哺乳支持认知异同：出院后产妇和医务人员都希望获得家庭支持和同伴支持；不同的是，产妇希望能够和医务人员保持联系反馈问题，但医务人员认为需要进一步发展社区支持。结论:产妇和医务人员对围生期母乳喂养需求的认知不同，应该针对其不同认知制订针对性的干预措施和个性化的母乳喂养计划，以期进一步提高我国的纯母乳喂养率，实现全民健康发展目标。“,”Objective:In order to Understand the cognition of breastfeeding needs in perinatal period among parturients, International Board Certified Lactation Consultants and obstetric nurses, and analyze their differences, provide a theoretical basis for the development of interventions.Methods:Using the objective sampling method, 10 parturients, 6 International Board Certified Lactation Consultants and 6 obstetric nurses from a tertiary A specialist hospital in Shanghai from February to June in 2021 were selected for semi-structured depth interviews. The inteniew focused on the needs of breastfeeding in different stages of perinatal period.Results:Through analysis and induction, the following three themes were finally condensed. Cognitive differences in prenatal education: post-hospital breastfeeding support. Parturients lack prenatal awareness of breastfeeding initiatives and prefer problem-oriented feedback after childbirth to be addressed in a timely manner, but healthcare professionals consider it necessary to provide prenatal breastfeeding education to pregnant women. Inpatient nursing supports cognitive similarities and differences: there was agreement between parturients and healthcare professionals on strengthening post-natal health education and assessing needs for psychological change. The difference is that parturients are more likely to have information and guidance on milking, however, healthcare professionals believe that the focus is on providing guidance on breastfeeding techniques and strengthening professional training for medical personnel. Breastfeeding supports cognitive similarities and differences after discharge: both parturient and healthcare professionals want family and peer support in post-hospital breastfeeding support. The difference is that parturients want to be able to keep in touch with healthcare professionals on feedback issues, but healthcare professionals believe that further community support is needed.Conclusion:Parturient and healthcare professionals have different cognition of perinatal breastfeeding needs. Targeted interventions and personalized breastfeeding plans should be developed for their different cognitions, with a view to further improving the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in China and achieving the goal of healthy development for all.