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外科急腹症病人在临床治疗过程中都不同程度地使用一种或多种抗菌药物。抗生素在外科急腹症中应用占有重要的位置。外科急腹症多是由于细菌感染、化学性刺激或损伤所引起,主要表现为腹膜刺激征和全身中毒症状。细菌感染是最常见的一组疾病和重要的并发症。临床医师只有掌握抗感染治疗的基本知识,才能合理应用抗菌药,充分发挥药物的疗效。这包括要了解急腹症预防性应用抗菌素与诊断治疗的关系,具有较强的病原学观察,了解临床主要致病菌的种类和耐药变迁,熟悉抗菌药的抗菌特性与其药动学特点等。
Patients with surgical acute abdomen use different levels of one or more antimicrobial agents during clinical treatment. Antibiotics occupy an important place in surgical acute abdomen. Surgical acute abdomen mostly due to bacterial infection, chemical irritation or injury caused by the main symptoms of peritoneal irritation and systemic poisoning. Bacterial infections are the most common group of diseases and important complications. Clinicians only master the basic knowledge of anti-infective therapy in order to rational use of antimicrobial agents, give full play to the efficacy of the drug. This includes the need to understand the relationship between the prophylactic use of antibiotics and the diagnosis and treatment of acute abdomen, a strong etiological observation to understand the types of clinical pathogens and drug resistance changes, familiar with the antibacterial properties of antimicrobial agents and their pharmacokinetic characteristics .