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采用将同工酶基因数量化方法对水稻籼、粳分类进行研究,其过程与结果如下:(1)通过对539份亚洲栽培稻材料的多位点同工酶分析,发现其中6个同工酶位点即AMP-2,Cat-1,Mal-1,Acp-2,Est-10具有更好的籼、粳判别效果。用6个位点上的D_1值计算出每份材料的P_J值(即材料属于粳和籼的可能性),发现539份材料的P_J值分类结果与程氏形态指数分类法的结果符合性很好,仅有少数例外;(2)对642份材料进行D_1值聚类分析结果表明,可将它们分成两大类群四个亚群;Ⅰ—1、Ⅰ—2、Ⅱ—1和Ⅱ—2,相对应为典型籼、偏籼、偏粳和典型粳。供试材料大多属于Ⅰ—1和Ⅱ—2两亚群;(3)用P_J值分类表明,供试南亚品种主要是籼稻,Aus类型多为典型籼,印度、孟加拉来源及阿萨姆地区有一部分偏籼与偏粳材料。东南亚地区品种中偏籼与偏梗材料较多,其中印度支那品种多偏籼。中国包括云南品种籼、粳都有,但多属典型籼、粳。供试的非洲品种(O.sativa)和美国稻偏粳,多数不典型。
The process and results of the rice paddy rice indica and japonica classification were studied by quantitative methods of isozyme genes. (1) Based on the analysis of multi-locus isozymes of 539 Asian cultivated rice materials, it was found that 6 of them Enzyme sites such as AMP-2, Cat-1, Mal-1, Acp-2, Est-10 have better indica and japonica discriminant effects. The P_J value of each material (ie the possibility of the material belonging to japonica and indica) was calculated by using D_1 values at 6 loci. It was found that the P_J value classification results of 539 materials were in good agreement with the results of Cheng’s morphological index classification Good, with only a few exceptions; (2) Cluster analysis of 642 materials by D-1 showed that they could be divided into four subgroups of two groups: Ⅰ-1, Ⅰ-2, Ⅱ-1 and Ⅱ-2 , Corresponding to the typical Indica, Indica, partial japonica and typical japonica. Most of the tested materials belonged to two subgroups Ⅰ-1 and Ⅱ-2. (3) According to the P_J value classification, indica rice varieties were mainly indica rice, Aus types were mostly Indica, India, Bangladesh and Assam area Some partial indica and partial japonica materials. In Southeast Asia, there are many varieties of Indica and partial stems, of which Indochinese varieties are more partial Indica. China, including Yunnan varieties indica, japonica have, but mostly typical indica, japonica. The tested African species (O.sativa) and American rice japonica varieties are mostly atypical.