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为提高尾矿库区下游的防灾减灾能力,以北京首云铁矿和尚峪尾矿库为例,开展物理模型试验研究,探究砂流体积分数、溃口形态及下游坡度对溃坝砂流流动特性及规律的影响。试验结果表明,随着溃坝砂流体积分数的增大,砂流到达堆积深度峰值时间越长,峰值就越大;随着溃坝口门的增大,砂流到达堆积深度峰值时间越短,峰值越大,溃口就越大,砂流在下游演进运动的范围就越广,砂流覆盖面积也越大;随着库区下游坡度的增大,砂流到达堆积深度峰值时间越短,峰值越小,下游坡度对砂流演进运动过程及覆盖面积影响也较小。
In order to improve the ability of disaster prevention and reduction in the downstream tailings reservoir area, the Beijing Shouyun Iron Mine and Shangyu tailings reservoir was taken as an example to carry out physical model test and study on the influence of sand flow volume fraction, breach shape and downstream gradient on the flow characteristics of dam- And the law of influence. The results show that with the increase of the volume fraction of the dam-break sand, the peak value of the sand flow reaches the peak of the pile-up depth, and the peak value becomes larger. With the increase of the dam-break entrance, the sand flow reaches the peak of the pile depth, The bigger the breach is, the wider the sand flow evolves in the lower reaches and the sand flow covers the larger area. With the increase of slope in the lower reaches of the reservoir area, the sand flow reaches the peak of accumulation depth, Slope has little effect on the evolution process and cover area of sand flow.