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肺癌是一种发病率高、死亡率高和对化疗不敏感的常见恶性肿瘤,基于基因水平对肺癌的个性化治疗已有了很大的进步,但仍无明显改变高死亡率,亟需为肺癌的早期诊断,靶向治疗和预后判断寻找特异性的靶分子。microRNA是一种单链非编码小分子RNA,通过转录后水平调控基因的表达,涉及到肿瘤细胞的分化、增殖、死亡等多种生物进程。本文对microRNA在肺癌早期诊断,治疗和预后方面的研究现状作综述。
Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity, high mortality and insensitivity to chemotherapy. It has made great progress in the personalized treatment of lung cancer based on gene level, but there is still no significant change in the high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of lung cancer, targeted therapy and prognosis to find specific target molecules. MicroRNA is a single-stranded, non-coding small RNA that regulates the expression of genes through post-transcriptional level and involves many biological processes such as differentiation, proliferation and death of tumor cells. This review summarizes the current status of microRNAs in the early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer.