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近年来,肿瘤细胞耐药性的产生给膀胱癌的治疗和预后带来了新的挑战,因此对膀胱癌耐药机制的研究显得越来越迫切。目前发现的膀胱癌耐药机制主要包括:药物外排、上皮-间质转化、细胞自噬、微RNA调节和基因表观遗传学修饰等,其中涉及多种细胞信号转导通路。而且,不同的耐药机制可能通过相同的信号通路发生交叉联系,从而组成一个复杂的调控网络。本文就膀胱癌耐药机制研究的最新进展进行综述,以期为膀胱癌的靶向治疗提供新的思路。
In recent years, the emergence of drug resistance in tumor cells poses new challenges in the treatment and prognosis of bladder cancer. Therefore, the research on the mechanism of drug resistance in bladder cancer is more and more urgent. Currently found mechanisms of bladder cancer resistance include: drug efflux, epithelial-stromal transformation, autophagy, microRNA regulation and gene epigenetic modification, which involves a variety of cell signaling pathways. Moreover, different resistance mechanisms may cross the same signaling pathway, forming a complex regulatory network. This review summarizes the recent progress in the study of drug resistance mechanisms of bladder cancer, with a view to providing new ideas for targeted therapy of bladder cancer.