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本文扼要地叙述了雷达发展中的几个主要问题。在增远作用距离方面,重点讨论了理想接收机的定义,提出了理想度系数的概念,即实际接收机输出的信噪比和理想接收机输出信噪比的此较,作为评价一切雷达接收系统的标准;计算了理想雷达的极限接收能力;讨论了实现理想接收机的主要困难;指出雷达体制发展的基本方向是高占空系数雷达体制、最佳信息处理雷达体制和多波束分集体制。 在提高抗干扰能力方面,综合分析了各种干扰的性质和目标的特性,提出了抗干扰的三种体制:抑止干扰体制,测定干扰体制及反侦察体制。定义了抗干扰度,作为评价各种抗干扰方法的标准,对现有各种抗干扰的方法作了简要分析。干扰现阶段是向综合干扰发展,所以雷达也必须具有综合抗干扰能力。扰干扰体制的发展是多波段,快速变频,匹配滤波的联合应用,和目标特性的综合分析。而各种体制的适当结合,同时使用,就可以使雷达具有极好的扰干扰能力。 在提高测定座标精度方面,讨论了测角误差的分析和综合,提出了总误差的定义,作为评价雷达精度的标准。计算了雷达的理想精度。论述了提高精度的几个方面及最佳传输函数的含义。对现有各种改进伺服系统方法作了简评。指出提高精度方向是采用新体制,测定目标偏离雷达轴线的瞬时位置和改进伺服系统。
This article briefly describes several major issues in the development of the radar. In the aspect of increasing the working distance, the definition of ideal receiver is discussed emphatically, and the concept of ideal degree coefficient is proposed, which is the comparison between the signal-to-noise ratio of the actual receiver output and the signal-to-noise ratio of the ideal receiver. The standard of the system is calculated. The ultimate receiving capability of the ideal radar is calculated. The main difficulties in realizing the ideal receiver are discussed. The basic direction of the development of the radar system is pointed out as the high duty cycle radar system, the best information processing radar system and the multi-beam diversity system. In terms of improving the anti-interference ability, this paper comprehensively analyzes the characteristics of various kinds of interference and the characteristics of the target, and puts forward three kinds of anti-interference systems: the interference suppression system, the interference measurement system and the anti-reconnaissance system. The anti-interference degree is defined as a standard to evaluate various anti-jamming methods. The existing anti-jamming methods are briefly analyzed. Interference at this stage is the development of integrated interference, so the radar must also have a comprehensive anti-interference ability. The development of the interference jamming system is a multi-band, fast frequency conversion, matched filter joint application, and the target characteristics of a comprehensive analysis. The appropriate combination of various systems, at the same time, you can make the radar has excellent interference interference. In the aspect of improving the accuracy of measurement coordinate, the analysis and synthesis of the measurement error of the measurement angle are discussed. The definition of the total error is proposed as the standard to evaluate the accuracy of the radar. The ideal accuracy of radar is calculated. Several aspects of improving accuracy and the meaning of the best transfer function are discussed. A brief review of various existing methods of improving servo system. It is pointed out that the direction of improving the accuracy is to adopt a new system to measure the instantaneous position of the target deviating from the radar axis and to improve the servo system.