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采用SP免疫组化方法 ,检测 137例食管鳞癌手术标本癌组织P5 3蛋白、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和同例标本切缘食管粘膜上皮P5 3蛋白的表达 ,均采用石蜡切片。其中早期癌 6例、浸润癌131例。全组病例中癌组织P5 3蛋白表达的阳性率为 6 8.6 % ,过度表达为 36 .5 %。同一病人配对 131例标本切缘正常食管粘膜上皮P5 3蛋白表达的阳性率为 2 5 .2 % ,过度表达胃 6 .1%。 6例早期食管癌P5 3阳性表达率为 10 0 % ,过度表达率为 6 6 .7%。癌组织中PCNA阳性表达率 94.9% ,过度表达为73.7%。鳞癌P5 3蛋白过度表达与肿瘤分级有统计学显著性意义 ,P <0 .0 0 5。PCNA的过度表达与肿瘤分级没有统计学上意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。本研究提示 ,食管鳞癌P5 3蛋白的过度表达 ,不仅有助于食管早期癌的诊断 ,而且对研究癌的发生及评价预后具有重要意义
SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of P53 protein, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and esophageal mucosal epithelium P53 protein in 137 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma specimens. Paraffin sections were used. There were 6 cases of early cancer and 131 cases of invasive cancer. The positive rate of P53 protein expression in cancer tissues in the whole group was 68.6 %, and overexpression was 36.5 %. The positive rate of P53 protein expression in the normal esophageal mucosal epithelium at the margin of 131 patients was 25.2%, over-expression of 6.1% in the stomach. The positive expression rate of P5 3 in 6 cases of early esophageal cancer was 100%, and the overexpression rate was 66.7%. The positive expression rate of PCNA in cancer tissues was 94.9% and overexpression was 73.7%. The squamous cell carcinoma P53 protein overexpression and tumor grade were statistically significant (P < 0.05). PCNA overexpression and tumor grade were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). This study suggests that the overexpression of P53 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is not only helpful in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer, but also important for the study of cancer occurrence and evaluation of prognosis.