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成人高校作为现代教育发展的成果,是对成人实现终身教育的重要手段。由于成人高校学员来源广泛、社会角色多样,其对教育的需求也呈多元化,多层次化。因而在教育过程中注意分析和掌握成人学员的特殊性,对提高成人教育的水平和质量都十分重要。 一、学习动机的分析 成人高校学员多维的社会角色和多种需求,使他们的学习动机既现实,又复杂多样,与接受普通教育学生的学习动机相比较,具有以下几个特点。 (一)直接的近前的学习动机。科学技术的发展,知识更新速度的加快,以及国外先进技术、设备的引进,增大了社会生产和社会生活中高、新知识的含量,使一些在职和待业人员感到知识缺乏、技能不足,工作力不从心。为了能适应工作或就业的需要,他们选择成人教育作为迅速扩充知识,增长工作能力的途径,由此而产生的这种直接的近前的学习动机,是推动他们学习活动的直接动力。
Adult colleges and universities, as a result of the development of modern education, are an important means of achieving lifelong education for adults. Due to the wide range of sources and the social roles of adult college students, their demand for education is also diversified and multi-layered. Therefore, paying attention to analyzing and mastering the specialty of adult learners in the process of education is very important to improve the level and quality of adult education. I. Analysis of Learning Motivation The multi-dimensional social roles and needs of adult college students make their learning motivation both realistic and complex. Compared with the motivation of students receiving general education, they have the following characteristics. (A) direct motivation to learn immediately. The development of science and technology, the acceleration of knowledge updating, and the introduction of advanced foreign technologies and equipment have increased the content of high and new knowledge in social production and social life, leaving some in-service and unemployed persons lacking in knowledge, lack of skills and lack of work. . In order to be able to adapt to the needs of work or employment, they choose adult education as a way to rapidly expand their knowledge and increase their ability to work. This direct and immediate motivation for learning is the direct motivation for their learning activities.