Objective:The aim in this study was to identify the allelicfrequencies of the chemokine (SDF1-3’A) and chemokinereceptor (CCR5A32, CCR5m303 and CCR2-64I) genesresistant to HIV-1 infection and/or disease progression inindigenous Chinese populations.Methods: By using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit, thegenomic DNA samples were purified from whole peripheralblood of healthy individuals (n=2067) from Han, Uygur,Mongolian and Tibetan ethnic groups, as well as Han patientsincluding HIV-1 carriers (n=330), patients with other sexuallytransmitted diseases (STDs, n=259) and intravenous drugusers (IVDUs, n=125). The allelic polymorphisms wereidentified by means of PCR or PCR-RFLP analyses. Thesequences of randomly selected amplified PCR products werefurther confirmed by direct DNA sequencing.Results: The mutant frequencies were identified to be0%～3.48% for CCR5A32, 0% for CCR5m303,19.15%～28.79% for CCR2-64 and 19.10%～28.73% for SDF1-3’A alleles, respectively, in Chinese healthy individuals fromfour ethnic groups. Our findings indicated the allelicfrequencies vary among the different ethnic groups.Furthermore, the HIV-1 carriers, STD cases and IVDUs (all ofHan ethnicity) were found to have the allelic frequencies of0%～0.19% (CCR5A32), 0% (CCR5m303), 19.31%～20.45%(CCR2-64) and 25.61%～26.83% (SDF1-3’A) with minorvariations in their frequencies between the patients andhealthy Han groups. There was no CCR5-m303 mutationfound in any subject in this study.Conclusion: The examined subjects of four Chinese ethnicorigins showed lower frequencies of CCR5A32 andCCR5m303 alleles, but higher frequencies of mutant CCR2-64I and SDF1-3’A alleles compared to those identified innorth-European and American Caucasians. Thesignificance of the different frequencies and polymorphisms of the above alleles in Chinese populations needs to be furtherexamined in HIV-1/AIDS diseases.