论文部分内容阅读
目的:分析西宁市一起学校流行性腮腺炎(流腮)暴发疫情的流行病学和病原学特征。方法:采用现场流行病学调查方法分析本起流腮疫情的三间分布特征；对9例流腮疑似病例采集血清和咽拭子标本进行实验室检测。腮腺炎病毒核酸阳性的咽拭子标本进行病毒分离。采用RT-PCR方法对病毒分离株SH基因进行扩增，鉴定和分析腮腺炎病毒的基因型别与基因特征。结果:本起疫情共累计报告流腮疑似病例13例。病例主以7～11岁为主，集中在8岁(69.23%，9/13)。男女比例为1.6∶1。13例病例均无明确的腮腺炎疫苗接种史。本起疫情具有明显的班内聚集性。在采集标本的9例病例中有8例腮腺炎特异性IgM抗体和病毒核酸检测双阳性。获得2株阳性腮腺炎病毒分离物，经基因型鉴定均为F基因型，2株腮腺炎病毒SH基因序列同源性100%。结论:本起疫情是一起由F基因型腮腺炎病毒引起的学校流腮暴发疫情，建议当地开展中小学腮腺炎疫苗的查漏补种工作。“,”Objective:To investigate the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of a mumps outbreak in a primary school in Xining, Qinghai province.Methods:The epidemiological investigation was carried out to analyze the epidemiological distribution of mumps cases in the outbreak. Serum and throat swab samples were collected from 9 suspected mumps cases for laboratory testing. The throat swab samples detected positive for nucleic acid of mumps virus were subjected to virus isolation. Then the SH gene was amplified by RT-PCR for positive virus isolates, and the genotypes of mumps virus were identified and gene characteristics were analyzed.Results:A total of 13 cases were reported in this outbreak. The age of cases was mainly 7-11 years old, and the cases were mainly concentrated at 8 years old (69.23%. 9/13). The male to female ratio is 1.6: 1. None of the 13 cases had a history of mumps vaccination. And there was an obvious in-class clustering in this mumps outbreak. Of the 9 suspected mumps cases, 8 were double positive for mumps specific IgM antibody and viral nucleic acid. Two positive mumps virus isolates were obtained and identified by genotyping as F genotype, and the SH gene sequence of the two mumps virus isolates had 100% homology.Conclusions:This outbreak is caused by genotype F mumps virus. MuV immunization activities were recommended to conduct among unvaccinated students in primary and secondary schools.