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试验旨在研究兔粪堆肥过程中的参数变化,为规模化兔场兔粪堆肥处理提供技术储备。以兔粪和稻草为原料进行室内堆肥,设置兔粪-稻草组、兔粪-稻草翻堆组和兔粪组,在为期55d的堆肥过程中,测定了各堆体温度、水分、酸碱度(pH)、总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、总钾(TK)、大肠杆菌和种子发芽指数(GI)随时间的变化。结果表明:在堆肥过程中,各组高温期温度均能维持5 d以上,能达到了粪便无害化卫生标准的要求,兔粪-稻草翻堆组高温阶段持续时间最长;各组有机质相对含量总体呈上升趋势,堆肥结束时,有机质均稳定在35%以上;TP和TK总体呈上升趋势;高温期时大肠杆菌数均为0,但随着温度的降低,又出现了少量的大肠杆菌;种子发芽指数总体呈上升趋势,堆肥37d后均能达到腐熟标准。由此可见,生产中对兔粪进行处理,既可以单独利用兔粪进行堆肥,也可以采用兔粪和稻草按7.4∶1的比例进行混合堆肥。
The purpose of the experiment was to study the change of parameters in the process of rabbit manure composting and to provide technical reserve for large-scale rabbit manure composting. The composting of rabbit manure-straw, rabbit manure-straw turning and straw manure were set up with rabbit manure and straw as raw materials. During the composting period of 55 days, the temperature, water content, pH value ), Total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), Escherichia coli and seed germination index (GI) The results showed that during the composting process, the temperature of each group could be maintained above 5 d in high temperature period, which could meet the hygiene standard of excrement detoxification. The contents of TP and TK were all stable at above 35% at the end of compost; TP and TK generally showed an upward trend; while the number of E. coli at high temperature was 0, but with the decrease of temperature, a small amount of E. coli The seed germination index generally showed an upward trend, and reached the standard of maturity after 37 days of composting. Thus, the production of rabbit manure processing, either alone or in the use of rabbit manure composting, but also can use rabbit manure and straw compost at a ratio of 7.4: 1.