竞争,是一切经济活动和经济进步的原动力。规模经济,通俗地说,就是大量生产带来的好处。充分利用规模经济,是促进经济增长的重要因素。但是追求规模经济的结果,却往往引起垄断的发展。而垄断是阻断价格机制这只“看不见的手”发挥作用的罪魁,它扼杀竞争,使经济失去活力,破坏资源的合理配置。竞争的活力与规模经济,这一曾引起经济学界几经论争的难解难分的矛盾,最早由英国经 Competition is the driving force behind all economic activities and economic progress. Economies of scale, in other words, are the benefits of mass production. Making full use of economies of scale is an important factor in promoting economic growth. However, the result of pursuing economies of scale often leads to the development of monopolies. Monopoly, on the other hand, is the culprit in blocking the role of the “invisible hand” of the price mechanism. It stifles competition, loses its vitality and undermines the rational allocation of resources. The vitality of competition and economies of scale, which caused controversy in the economic community after several controversial conflicts, the earliest by the British Economic