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目的探讨小儿反复肺炎的病因。方法回顾性分析了1996年12月至2003年12月76例反复肺炎患儿的临床资料。结果76例反复肺炎患儿中68例(89.5%)存在引起反复肺炎的病因,其中先天性或获得性呼吸系统解剖异常28例(36.8%),先天性心脏病23例(30.3%),支气管异物12例(15.8%),哮喘6例(7.9%),免疫缺陷病4例(5.3%),特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症3例(3.9%)。反复肺炎患儿的病因存在着各种基础疾病,并通过其病史、体格检查和X线胸片表现特点可确诊。结论儿童反复肺炎病因多存在基础疾病,最常见是先天性或获得性呼吸系统解剖异常和先天性心脏病,其次为支气管异物、哮喘、免疫缺陷病和特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症。病史、体格检查和X线胸片可以为进一步的检查提供重要线索。
Objective To explore the etiology of recurrent pneumonia in children. Methods The clinical data of 76 children with recurrent pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed from December 1996 to December 2003. Results Sixty-eight patients (89.5%) with recurrent pneumonia had etiology of recurrent pneumonia. Among them, 28 cases (36.8%) had congenital or acquired respiratory abnormalities, 23 cases (30.3%) had congenital heart disease, There were 12 cases (15.8%) of foreign bodies, 6 cases of asthma (7.9%), 4 cases of immunodeficiency (5.3%) and 3 cases of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (3.9%). The cause of repeated pneumonia in children there are a variety of underlying diseases, and through its history, physical examination and X-ray findings can be diagnosed. Conclusions There are many underlying diseases in children with recurrent pneumonia. The most common are congenital or acquired anatomical abnormalities of the respiratory system and congenital heart disease, followed by bronchial foreign bodies, asthma, immunodeficiency disease and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. Medical history, physical examination and X-ray can provide important clues for further examination.