在涉及“如何是好”的选择问题上,儒家学说呈现出复杂而多维的特质。以孟子为例,孟子在讨论义利抉择问题时,“义”既是目的,但同时也是实现长远功利的手段;孟子看重情境对于选择的影响和制约,表现出儒家的实用理性;在面对选择时,孟子既有“舍生取义”式的坚定,也有“死,伤勇”式的灵活。基于对道德标准的多样性理解,或由于语境的差异,孟子的选择理论在表达过程中同时还蕴含着一定的危机。 Confucianism has a complex and multidimensional character on the question of how to choose “how to be good.” Take Mencius as an example, when discussing the issue of righteousness and the right of choice, Mencius is not only an end but also a means to realize long-term utilitarianism. Mencius values ​​the influence and restriction of situations on choices and shows the practical rationality of Confucianism. As to the choice, Mencius has both the firmness of “giving and taking” and the flexibility of “death and bravery”. Based on the diversity of moral standards, or due to the differences in context, Mencius’s choice theory also contains some crisis in its expression process.