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目的研究智力低下儿的病因和预防方法。方法从细胞遗传学方面对401例智力低下儿发病原因进行分析。采用人类外周血淋巴细胞培养及染色体标本制备方法。结果检出异常核型149例,检出率37.16%。其中常染色体数目异常117例,结构异常29例,性染色体数目异常3例。先天性愚型124例,占异常核型的83.22%。结论染色体异常是引起智力低下的重要原因,产前诊断是防止染色体异常引起的低智儿最有效的方法。
Objective To study the etiology and prevention of mental retardation. Methods From cytogenetics, 401 cases of mental retardation were analyzed. Human peripheral blood lymphocyte culture and chromosome preparation methods. Results Abnormal karyotypes were detected in 149 cases, the detection rate was 37.16%. The number of an autosomal abnormalities in 117 cases, 29 cases of structural abnormalities, 3 cases of abnormal sex chromosome number. 124 cases of congenital stupid, accounting for 83.22% of abnormal karyotype. Conclusions Chromosomal abnormalities are the important reasons that cause mental retardation. Prenatal diagnosis is the most effective method to prevent under-intelligence caused by chromosomal abnormalities.