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由于化疗的应用增加和以呕吐为主要付作用的新药物的产生,需要加强对恶心和呕吐的控制,在医学肿瘤学和支持疗法中已成为一个重要问题。通过目前使用的有效止吐药,在接受癌症化疗的大多数病人中,恶心和呕吐可以得到很好地控制。一、化疗引起恶心和哎吐的止吐药止吐药物是通过阻滞多巴胺受体来发挥作用的。这些药物包括:苯甲酰胺类取代物(胃复安)、丁酰苯类(氟哌丁苯和氟哌啶)和吩噻嗪类(丙氯拉嗪和氯丙嗪),皮质类固醇(地塞米松和甲基强的松龙)是最有效的止吐药;
The increase in the use of chemotherapy and the emergence of new drugs with vomiting as the main effect require more control over nausea and vomiting, which has become an important issue in medical oncology and supportive therapy. Nausea and vomiting can be well controlled in most patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy through effective antiemetics currently in use. First, antiemetic drugs that cause nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy. Antiemetic drugs work by blocking dopamine receptors. These drugs include: benzamides (metopram), butyrylphenes (haloperidine and haloperidol) and phenothiazines (prochlorazine and chlorpromazine), corticosteroids Dexamethasone and methylprednisolone are the most effective antiemetics;