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酒精能迅速透过血脑屏障作用于脑,海马CA_1区是脑内对酒精神经毒性最敏感的结构之一.本研究通过定量分析饮酒后小鼠海马CA_1区突触结构的形态参数变化,以探讨酒精对脑形态和功能的影响.选用18只20～30g昆明小鼠,随机均分为3组.3组动物分别以纯水、5%酒精、10%酒精为唯一饮料连续喂养60天,应用透射电镜及图像分析方法观察并测定海马CA_1区突触结构的形态参数.结果显示:与纯水组相比较,5%和10%酒精组小鼠突触结构的突触后膜致密物质厚度、突触活性区长度及突触间隙宽度均显著变小(P<0.05).10%酒精组与5%酒精组相比,突触间隙宽度显著变小(P<0.05)而突触后膜致密物质厚度和突触活性区长度无显著性差异(P>0.05).结果提示:酒精可以引起突触的可塑性变化;酒精通过改变突触结构的形态而影响神经冲动的传递功能及动物机体的学习记忆.
Alcohol can rapidly act on the brain through the blood-brain barrier, hippocampal CA 1 region is one of the most neurotoxicity-causing structures in the brain.In this study, by quantitative analysis of morphological parameters of hippocampal CA 1 region in drinking mice, To investigate the effect of alcohol on brain morphology and function.Eighteen mice of 20 ~ 30g Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups.The animals were fed continuously with pure water, 5% alcohol and 10% alcohol for 60 days respectively, The morphological parameters of synaptic structure in hippocampal CA1 region were observed and measured by transmission electron microscopy and image analysis.The results showed that compared with pure water group, the synaptic structure of 5% and 10% , The length of synaptic active region and the width of synaptic cleft significantly decreased (P <0.05), while the width of synaptic cleft significantly decreased in 10% alcohol group compared with 5% alcohol group (P <0.05) (P> 0.05). The results suggest that alcohol can induce the synaptic plasticity change; alcohol can affect the impulse transmission function of nerve and animal body by changing the shape of synaptic structure Learning and memory.