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在初中数学的教学过程中,平面几何一直都是非常重要的一个学习板块。初中学生学习的几何知识沿“线段、射线、直线—三角形—四边形—平行四边形—特殊的平行四边形(矩形菱形正方形)”这条脉络展开,在这一过程中直角的证明占据着一个非常重要的地位。从学习的顺序上来看,学生在初中三年围绕直角展开的学习包括:直角三角形的全等证明方法“HL”、勾股定理及其逆定理、证明一个四边形是矩形、直角三角形中30°角所对的直角边等于斜边的一半、直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半以及锐角三角函数等众多重要的知识点。
In the teaching of junior high school mathematics, plane geometry has always been a very important learning section. The geometry knowledge of junior high school students to learn along the “line, ray, straight line - triangle - quadrilateral - parallelogram - special parallelogram (rectangular diamond square) ” This context starts, in the process of right angle proof occupy a very Important position. From the perspective of learning sequence, the students’ learning around right angles in junior middle school three years includes: the congruent proof method of the right triangles “HL ”, the Pythagorean theorem and its inverse theorem, proving that a quadrangle is a rectangle, a right triangle 30 The right-angled side of the angle is equal to half of the hypotenuse, and the midline on the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle equals half of the hypotenuse and many important points of knowledge such as acute trigonometrical functions.