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本文研究了中国对虾(Penaeuschinensis)对4种脂溶性维生素A、D、E、K,9种水溶性维生素B_1、B_2、B_6、B_(12)、C、烟酸、泛酸钙、叶酸、生物素及肌醇和氯化胆碱在饲料中的适宜需要量,饲料中维生素不足或过量都会影响对虾的生长和存活率。维生素在对虾肝胰脏中的积累大于肌肉,维生素B_1、B_2和B_6在对虾肝胰脏和肌肉中的累积量和摄入量有关,其变化规律与维生素对对虾生长的影响规律相同,而氯化胆碱则随着饲料中含量的增加而递增。维生素B_1在饲料中含量为6mg/100g时,虾体内α-淀粉酶的活力最高;维生素B_6在饲料中含量为14mg/100g时,虾体内类胰蛋白酶活力最高,B_1、B_6含量不足或过量时,α-淀粉酶及类胰蛋白酶的活力都相应递减。维生素A缺乏可导致对虾视觉器官病变,视觉功能降低,易发生烂眼病;维生素D_3缺乏,则虾壳及肌肉对钙磷的吸收和沉积发生障碍,形成软壳病;维生素C缺乏,除已报道的产生黑死病、经病外,还呈现虾壳松软、蜕壳周期延长、鳃混沌等症状。为此,在出现此类病症时,应在饲料中添加足够量的维生素A、D和C。
In this paper, the effect of Penaeus chinensis on four kinds of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, K, nine kinds of water-soluble vitamins B_1, B_2, B_6, B_12, C, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, And inositol and choline chloride in feed the appropriate needs of feed vitamin deficiency or excess will affect shrimp growth and survival. The accumulation of vitamins in liver and pancreas of shrimp was greater than that of muscle. The accumulation and intake of vitamins B_1, B_2 and B_6 in hepatopancreas and muscle of shrimp were the same as that of vitamins on the growth of shrimp. Chlorine Choline increases with feed content. When the content of vitamin B_1 in feed was 6mg / 100g, the activity of α-amylase in shrimp was the highest. When the content of vitamin B_6 in feed was 14mg / 100g, the trypsin activity in shrimp was the highest, while the content of B_1 and B_6 was insufficient or excessive , α-amylase and tryptase activity decreased accordingly. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to visual organ lesions shrimp, visual function is reduced, prone to bad eye disease; vitamin D_3 deficiency, shrimp shell and muscle calcium and phosphorus absorption and deposition of obstacles, the formation of soft shell disease; vitamin C deficiency, except as reported Of the black death, the disease, but also showed soft shrimp shell, shell period extension, gill chaos and other symptoms. For this reason, adequate amounts of vitamins A, D and C should be added to the feed when such conditions occur.