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以宁夏盐池干旱区弃耕地为研究对象,通过正交设计L18(61×36)进行人工草地建植试验,研究了不同牧草品种、施肥量及秸秆还田量对弃耕地土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:4个因素中牧草品种对土壤含水量、全盐及pH值影响极显著(P<0.01),有机肥对土壤含水量、容重、pH值、全盐及有机质含量的影响极显著(P<0.01),秸秆对土壤含水量、容重和全盐的影响显著(P<0.05),NPK对pH值的影响显著(P<0.05);禾本科牧草改善土壤含水量和容重的效果强于豆科,而提高土壤有机质的效果较弱;提高土壤含水量,降低土壤容重、全盐及pH值的最佳方案为圆柱披碱草(Elymus cylindricus Franch.)+有机肥36t/hm2+NPK(N 275kg/hm2、P225kg/hm2、K 225kg/hm2)+秸秆渣10t/hm2;增加土壤有机质含量的最佳方案为黄花草木樨(Melilotus offcinalia)+有机肥36t/hm2+NPK(N 165kg/hm2、P 135kg/hm2和K 135kg/hm2)+秸秆渣10t/hm2。
Taking the abandoned farmland in Yanchi arid area of Ningxia as the research object, the artificial grassland establishment experiment was conducted by orthogonal design L18 (61 × 36), and the effects of different forage varieties, fertilizer amount and straw return amount on the physical and chemical properties of abandoned soil were studied. The results showed that the four kinds of forage cultivars had significant effects on soil water content, total salt and pH (P <0.01). The effect of organic manure on soil water content, bulk density, pH value, total salt and organic matter content was significant P <0.01). The effects of straw on soil water content, bulk density and total salt were significant (P <0.05), and NPK had significant effects on pH (P <0.05). The gramineous pasture improved the soil water content and bulk density Leguminosae, and improve soil organic matter is weak; the best plan to increase soil water content, reduce soil bulk density, total salt and pH value is Elymus cylindricus Franch. + Organic fertilizer 36t / hm2 + NPK N 275 kg / hm2, P225 kg / hm2, K 225 kg / hm2) and straw residue 10 t / hm2. The best plan for increasing soil organic matter content was 36 t / hm2 + NPK of Melilotus offcinalia + , P 135kg / hm2 and K 135kg / hm2) + straw residue 10t / hm2.