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目的通过连续横、矢、冠状断层,探讨成人视交叉的位置、形态、毗邻结构及其变化规律,获取视交叉的三维径线和角度数据。方法 20例成人尸体头颅制成头部连续横、矢、冠状断层标本与40例活体成人头部磁共振横、矢、冠状断层扫描图像,探讨视交叉的位置、形态及其毗邻结构;测量视交叉的横径、前后径和上下径,视交叉前角、侧角和后角。结果视交叉横断层能同时显示视神经颅内段、视交叉和视束起始段;冠状断层视交叉呈“一”字型横位分隔第三脑室底的视隐窝和漏斗隐窝,其上方是大脑前动脉A1段,下方正中邻垂体柄和灰结节,两侧是颈内动脉C1或C2段;视交叉的横径(TD T)为(13.54±3.12)mm,前后径(APD T)为(7.91±1.29)mm,上下径(SID C)为(3.51±0.49)mm,视交叉前角(AA)为(69.7±9.1)°,左侧角(LLA)为(121.1±16.9)°,右侧角(RLA)为(122.3±15.2)°,后角(PA)为(73.3±10.2)°。断层数据和MRI数据经统计学分析,两者差异无显著性。结论连续横、矢、冠状断层和MRI是研究和辨认视交叉、毗邻结构的位置关系及其变化规律的有效方法。
Objective To investigate the position, shape, adjacent structure and variation of adult optic chiasm by means of continuous transverse, sagittal and coronal tomography to obtain the 3D radial and angle data of optic chiasm. Methods The transverse, sagittal and coronal CT images of 20 adult cadaver heads were compared with the transverse, transverse and sagittal CT images of 40 adult living adults to investigate the location, morphology and adjacent structures of optic chiasm. Crossing the diameter, diameter before and after the diameter and diameter, the optic chiasm anterior horn, lateral angle and posterior horn. Results The transected cross can show the intracranial and optic chiasm of the optic nerve at the same time. The coronal cross-occipitalis shows the optic disc and funnel crypts at the bottom of the third ventricle, Above it was the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery, the middle inferior pituitary gland and the gray nodule below, with C1 or C2 segment of the internal carotid artery on both sides. The TDT of the optic chiasm was (13.54 ± 3.12) mm, The APD T was 7.91 ± 1.29 mm and the SID C was 3.51 ± 0.49 mm. The anterior cruciate angle was 69.7 ± 9.1 ° and the LLA was 121.1 ± 16.9) °, the right angle (RLA) was (122.3 ± 15.2) ° and the rear angle (PA) was (73.3 ± 10.2) °. The tomographic data and MRI data were statistically analyzed, the difference was insignificant. Conclusion Continuous transverse, sagittal, coronal and MRI are effective methods to study and identify the positional relationship and its variation of optic chiasm and adjacent structures.