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目的:研究青少年单侧颞下颌关节盘前移位患者面部不对称畸形的特点及其与盘前移位的关系。方法 :收集经磁共振确诊为单侧颞下颌关节盘前移位的10~20岁青少年单侧盘前移位连续病例,进行X线头颅定位正位片检查并测量,采用SPSS 18.0软件包,使用独立样本t检验分析左侧移位组和右侧移位组下颌骨(颏部、下颌角、髁突)、上颌骨(前鼻棘、颧牙槽嵴)和牙列(上、下牙列中点)不对称的特点。结果:105例10~20岁(平均16.76岁)青少年单侧盘前移位患者中,下颌偏斜患者67例(63.81%)。单侧盘前移位患者移位侧下颌骨垂直向高度不足,下颌角离散度增大,颏中线和上、下颌牙列中线向移位侧偏斜(P<0.05)。左侧盘前移位患者上颌骨未见显著不对称(P>0.05),右侧盘前移位患者上颌骨显著不对称(P<0.05)。结论:青少年单侧关节盘前移位患者表现出明显的面部不对称,且与单侧盘前移位患病侧紧密相关。面部不对称以下颌骨最为明显,表现为颏部偏向移位侧,以及下颌骨整体向移位侧旋转;上颌骨则表现出移位侧垂直向发育受影响的趋势。
Objective: To study the characteristics of facial asymmetry in patients with unilateral temporomandibular joint anterior disc movement and its relationship with anterior disc movement. Methods: Unilateral anterior prenatal displacement of 10-20-year-old adolescent patients diagnosed as unilateral temporomandibular joint anterior disc displacement was collected and examined by X-ray skull positioning anteroposterior film. SPSS 18.0 software package was used, Mandibular (chin, mandibular angle, condyle), maxillary (anterior nasal spine, zygomatic alveolar crest) and dentition (upper and lower teeth) were analyzed using the independent sample t-test in the left and right shift groups Column midpoint) asymmetric characteristics. Results: Among the 105 cases of unilateral pre-plateau transposition in 10-20 years (average 16.76 years), 67 cases (63.81%) had mandibular deviation. The vertical displacement of the mandibular mandibular anterior displacement in unilateral anterior disk displacement was not enough, the mandibular angle dispersion increased, and the midline of mandibular midline and mandibular dentition shifted to the shift side (P <0.05). There was no significant asymmetry (P> 0.05) in the left maxillary pancreas in the left anterior pancreas and significant asymmetry in the maxillary pancreas in the right anterior pancreas (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent unilateral prenatal displacement showed significant facial asymmetry and was closely associated with unilateral preoptic displacement. The facial asymmetry is most pronounced in the mandible, with the deviated side of the chin and the entire mandible rotating toward the side of the shift, while the maxilla shows a trend of vertical shift toward the shift side.