私小说是产生于日本的一种独特的文学体裁。自明治末期私小说在日本出现以来,便如雨后春笋般迅速成长,并在日本文坛上曾占据过重要地位,成为日本文学史上一朵亮丽的奇葩。私小说之所以如此繁盛,是因为有培育它的肥沃的文学土壤。西方自然主义成为孕育私小说的摇篮,自然主义与日本本土文化相结合,在当时的特定的社会环境中,结晶出日本文学百花园最亮丽的一朵,同时又给日本文学以深刻的影响。通过对私小说的研究,可以窥探到日本独特的文化传统与民族气质。 Private fiction is a unique literary genre born in Japan. Since the late Meiji novels appeared in Japan, private novels have mushroomed rapidly and have occupied an important position in the Japanese literary world. They have become a wonderful and wonderful flower in the history of Japanese literature. Private fiction is so prosperous because of the fertile literary soil that nurtured it. Western naturalism became the cradles of the birth of private fiction. Naturalism combined with Japanese native culture crystallized the brightest flower of the Japanese literature in a certain social environment at that time, and at the same time, it profoundly influenced Japanese literature. Through the study of private novels, we can peek into Japan’s unique cultural traditions and national temperament.