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纳米材料的形貌对纳米材料的性能影响很大。通过调节表面活性剂聚已二醇(PEG)和二水合柠檬酸钠(C_6H_5O_7Na_3·2H_2O)的量,制备了一种具有分级结构的花状氧化锌。通过X线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其进行表征,结果表明这种分级结构的氧化锌为六方纤锌矿结构,其中每一个纳米花都由纳米片自组装而成。通过进一步研究表明:二水合柠檬酸钠辅助纳米片自组装,而PEG给予了纳米片的成核点,他们共同作用,使纳米片自组装成纳米花。
The morphology of nanomaterials has a great influence on the properties of nanomaterials. By adjusting the amount of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) and sodium citrate dihydrate (C_6H_5O_7Na_3 · 2H_2O), a flower-like zinc oxide with a hierarchical structure was prepared. The X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that this hierarchical structure of zinc oxide was hexagonal wurtzite structure, in which each nanoflower was self-assembled by nanosheets. Further studies showed that sodium citrate dihydrate assisted the self-assembly of nanosheets, while PEG gave the nucleation sites of nanosheets. Together, they allowed the nanosheets to self-assemble into nanoflowers.