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我国塔吉克族使用色勒库尔语和瓦罕语两种语言,与中古西域地区的于阗塞语同属东伊朗语。这两种当代塔吉克族语言与于阗语之间的亲缘距离,前贤多从音系共同创新角度认为瓦罕语与于阗语渊源较深,而国内也有学者持色勒库尔语是塞语后裔之论,但诸家论断均缺乏词汇统计学证据。本文首次依照严格的择词和同源判断程序,通过田野调查及文献整理得出三种语言的斯瓦迪士一阶核心词表语料,进而运用词汇统计学方法分别计算出色勒库尔语和于阗语、瓦罕语和于阗语两组语言间的核心词保留率。结果显示,色勒库尔语和于阗语之间的核心词保留率明显高于瓦罕语和于阗语之间的保留率。由于高保留率指向更近的亲缘距离,本文据此认为,与于阗语亲缘关系更密切的应是色勒库尔语而非瓦罕语。
The Tajiks of our country use the two languages, Xeracul and Wanahan, and belong to East Iranian language in Yuzhong language in the Middle Western region. The distance between the two contemporary Tajik languages and the brahma language is much higher than that of the brahma language. The former scholars think that there is a deep origin of both avant-garde language and brahma language from the perspective of joint phonological co-innovation, Descendants of the theory, but various arguments are lack of vocabulary statistics. In this paper, for the first time, according to the strict choice of words and the procedure of homologous judgment, the first-order core corpus of Svaldiks in three languages is obtained through field investigation and literature review, and then the lexical and The core word retention rates between the two languages of Hupu, Wakana and Yu language. The results show that the retention rate of core words between Xylakul and Yu language is significantly higher than that between Wakana and Yu language. Due to the high retention rate pointing to the closer kinship distance, this paper argues that the kinship with the kin should be more closely related to the Selcuk than to the Wakan.