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目的探讨儿童住院疾病谱特点。方法对2010年广东省二级以上医院住院儿童数据中的主要诊断、性别、年龄等项目进行疾病谱的顺位和构成比分析。结果影响儿童健康的前5位系统疾病分别是呼吸系统疾病(38.0%)、起源于围生期的某些情况(15.0%)、某些传染病和寄生虫病(11.1%)、消化系统疾病(11.1%)、损伤中毒和外因的某些其他后果(6.7%),前5位疾病占住院疾病的81.9%。呼吸与消化系统疾病始终排在各年龄组前3的位置;呼吸系统疾病排名中,肺炎(45.08%)、急性上呼吸道感(17.1%)、急性支气管炎(14.1%)、急性扁桃体炎(5.2%)和急性细支气管炎(4.6%)分列前五位,呼吸系统类目疾病累计占86.1%。结论儿童呼吸系统疾病是关注的重点,卫生防疫部门应针对儿童提供预防呼吸系统疾病的有效方法和措施,对于儿童不同年龄组别疾病顺位的差异,提出有针对性的防治措施。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of pediatric inpatient disease spectrum. Methods The primary diagnosis, sex, age and other items of hospitalized children in Grade 2 and above hospitals in Guangdong Province in 2010 were analyzed for the rank order and constituent ratio. Results The top five systemic diseases affecting children’s health were respiratory diseases (38.0%), some cases of perinatal origin (15.0%), some infectious diseases and parasitic diseases (11.1%), digestive diseases (11.1%), some of the other consequences of injury poisoning and external causes (6.7%), and the top five diseases accounted for 81.9% of hospitalized diseases. Breathing and digestive diseases were always ranked in the top 3 of all age groups; pneumonia (45.08%), acute upper respiratory tract infection (17.1%), acute bronchitis (14.1%), acute tonsillitis %) And acute bronchiolitis (4.6%) ranked the top five, respiratory diseases accounted for a total of 86.1%. Conclusion Childhood respiratory diseases are the focus of attention. Health and epidemic prevention departments should provide children with effective methods and measures to prevent respiratory diseases, and put forward targeted prevention and control measures for the differences in the order of diseases among children in different age groups.