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目的探讨汶川地震4年后灾区青少年领悟社会支持和人格之间的关系。方法采用领悟社会支持量表、大五人格量表在汶川地震4年后对重灾区4所中学进行问卷调查。结果女生领悟社会支持显著高于男生(P<0.001),不同民族、地区之间无差异。初高中青少年之间的家庭内社会支持不存在差异,但初中生所获得家庭外支持较多(F=7.39,P<0.05)。领悟社会支持和人格之间有两组典型相关变量达到显著相关(P<0.001),第一和第二典型相关系数为0.440、0.120。外倾性、宜人性、责任感3个人格变量对家庭外社会支持影响较大。结论汶川地震4年后灾区青少年领悟社会支持和人格存在中等程度相关,人格是领悟社会支持的重要影响因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between adolescents’ understanding of social support and personality in disaster-stricken areas after 4 years of Wenchuan earthquake. Methods Using the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Big Five Personality Questionnaire, four high schools in the hardest-hit areas were surveyed 4 years after the Wenchuan earthquake. Results Female students perceived social support was significantly higher than boys (P <0.001), there is no difference between different ethnic groups and regions. There was no difference in family social support among junior high school and junior high school children, but junior high school students received more out-of-home support (F = 7.39, P <0.05). There were significant correlations between two groups of typical correlation variables (P <0.001) between perceived social support and personality. The first and second typical correlation coefficients were 0.440 and 0.120. Extroversion, pleasantness and sense of responsibility three personality variables have a greater impact on social support outside the family. Conclusion After four years of the Wenchuan earthquake, adolescents in the affected areas perceived social support as moderately related to the existence of personality. Personality is an important factor in comprehending social support.