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摸索建立大鼠慢性支气管炎（慢支）模型的新方法。用气管内注入脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）法建立大鼠慢支模型。观察光镜及电镜下气管、支气管及肺组织病理学改变。气管及支气管上皮脱落，杯状细胞增生，粘液腺增生肥大，气管支气管壁见慢性炎细胞浸润，管壁增厚，管腔充满粘液及大量以中性粒细胞为主的炎细胞，支气管平滑肌增生肥厚，肺气肿形成电镜下气管支气管纤毛柱状上皮细胞变性，数量减少、复合纤毛形成；ＢＡＬＦ白细胞总数及中性粒细胞数较对照组显著增多（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论为气管内注入ＬＰＳ（２００ ｇ／２００ Ｌ）可制备大鼠慢支模型，气管支气管及肺组织病理学和ＢＡＬＦ细胞学改变符合人类该病的病理表现，可应用于实验研究。
To explore a new method for establishing chronic bronchitis (chronic bronchitis) model in rats. The rat chronic bronchitis model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The pathological changes of trachea, bronchi and lung were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. Trachea and bronchial epithelial shedding, goblet cell hyperplasia, hypertrophy of mucinous glands hypertrophy, tracheal bronchial wall see chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, thickening of the wall, the lumen filled with mucus and a large number of neutrophil-based inflammatory cells, bronchial smooth muscle hyperplasia Hypertrophic, emphysematous formation of electron microscope tracheal bronchial ciliated columnar epithelial cells degeneration, reduce the number of composite cilia; BALF leukocytes and neutrophils than the control group was significantly increased (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The chronic bronchitis model can be prepared by intratracheal instillation of LPS (200 g / 200 L). The changes in tracheobronchial and pulmonary histopathology and BALF cytology are in line with the human pathological manifestations of the disease and can be used in experimental studies.