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目的分析承德市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫情发生和动物宿主分布关系,提出防控策略。方法用夹夜法开展HFRS宿主动物监测,用Excel和EpiInfo等统计软件分析疫情资料。结果承德市自1984年出现HFRS病例后,根据疫情情况开展病例血清学核实和宿主动物监测工作,捕获鼠种包括北社鼠、黑线姬鼠、大林姬鼠、棕背鼠平、褐家鼠、大仓鼠、达乌尔黄鼠、黑线仓鼠等多种小兽,捕获的带病毒鼠种主要有褐家鼠、黑线姬鼠、北社鼠、大林姬鼠。其中大林姬鼠是2004年秋季在平泉县首次发现的带病毒鼠种,北社鼠为2005年首次在承德避暑山庄内发现的带病毒鼠种。鼠带病毒率最高年度为2002年(8.40%),2005年以后未发现带病毒鼠。结论承德市仍以家鼠型HFRS为主,加强辖区内的监测、免疫和灭鼠工作,对重点人群采用不同的防治方法,是控制疫情的有效措施。
Objective To analyze the relationship between the outbreak of HFRS and the distribution of animal hosts in Chengde City and to propose the prevention and control strategies. Methods The method of nocturnal method was used to monitor HFRS host animal, and epidemiological data were analyzed by statistical software such as Excel and EpiInfo. Results After the occurrence of HFRS cases in Chengde City in 1984, serological verification and host animal monitoring were carried out according to the epidemic situation. The captured species included Beishe mouse, Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus agrarius, , Large hamster, daurian ground squirrel, black hamster and other small animals, captured with the main types of mice with virus Rattus norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, North Society rats, rats Apodemus. Among them, Apodemus agkistrodon was the first rat with virus type found in Pingquan County in the fall of 2004, and the northern rat was the first mouse strain with virus in Chengde Mountain Resort in 2005. The highest incidence of rat virus in 2002 (8.40%), after 2005, no virus was found in rats. Conclusion Chengde City is still home-based HFRS-based, to strengthen the area of monitoring, immunization and deratting work, the key populations using different methods of prevention and control, is an effective measure to control the outbreak.