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胎儿酒精综合征(ketal alcohol syn-drome,FAS),系指母亲妊娠期间嗜酒造成胎儿在宫内与生后生长发育障碍,智力低下、特殊的面容与多种畸形的综合征侯群。1968年Lemoine首先报导此综合征,继而1973年Jones与Smith明确提出此综合征与母亲嗜酒的关系加以命名。近年来,世界各地陆续有FAS的报导,广泛受到人们重视,人群中活婴的发病率为1～2‰,部分地区为3～5‰。美国每年发病数为1800～2400,占生时智力低下常见原因的第三位,而慢性嗜酒者母亲的后代中40～50%为FAS。
Fetal alcohol syndrome (ketal alcohol syn-drome, FAS), refers to the mother during pregnancy caused by fetal alcohol growth and development in the uterus and postnatal dysphagia, mental retardation, special face and a variety of deformities syndrome. Lemoine first reported the syndrome in 1968, and in 1973, Jones and Smith specifically named the syndrome as a relationship with mother’s alcoholism. In recent years, FAS coverage has been widely reported in various parts of the world, attracting people’s attention. The incidence of live infants in the population is 1 ~ 2 ‰, and in some areas 3 ~ 5 ‰. The annual incidence in the United States is 1800 to 2400, accounting for the third most common cause of mental retardation at birth, while 40 to 50% of the offspring of chronic alcohol abuse mothers are FAS.