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A common feature in seismic imageries of the crust and mantle is a layering pattern.Layering structures do exist in multiple scales,such as layered strata and unconformities in local and regional scales,and undulating seismic discontinuities in the crust and mantle.However,layering arti-fact also exists due to limitations in seismic processing and data coverage.There is a tendency for seis-mic stacking methods to over-map reflectors and scatters into along-isochron layers.In contrast,seis-mic tomography methods tend to under-map sub-horizontal layers with along-raypath smears and ar-tifacts of various de-mean processes.To better identify signals and artifacts in seismic imageries,it is necessary to understand the origins of various artifacts and make careful comparison between the solu-tions of different data and methods.
A common feature in seismic imageries of the crust and mantle is a layering pattern. Layer structures do exist in multiple scales, such as layered strata and unconformities in local and regional scales, and undulating seismic discontinuities in the crust and mantle. However, layering arti -fact also exists due to limitations in seismic processing and data coverage. Here is a tendency for seis-mic stacking methods to over-map reflectors and scatters into along-isochron layers. contrast, seis-mic tomography methods tend to under-map sub-horizontal layers with along-raypath smears and ar-tifacts of various de-mean processes. To better identify signals and artifacts in seismic imageries, it is necessary to understand the origins of various artifacts and make careful comparison between the solu-tions of different data and methods.