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目的了解辽宁省城市初中在校学生二手烟暴露现状及其影响因素,学生对二手烟危害和控烟等认知情况,为开展青少年控烟健康教育获取基础性数据,为制定或修订青少年控烟立法或条例提供依据。方法于2013年,采用分层多阶段整群抽样方法,在沈阳市、鞍山市、丹东市、锦州市、营口市和盘锦市共抽取2 913名初中在校学生,对其进行问卷调查。调查内容主要包含基本情况、二手烟暴露、吸二手烟态度、控烟知识来源、学校有烟及控烟等。用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析,计数资料的组间比较用χ~2检验,多因素分析采用logistic回归分析。结果在过去7 d内,71.9%的城市初中在校学生遭受二手烟暴露,暴露场所和比例由高至低依次为室外公共场所(57.0%),室内公共场所(53.0%),家庭(41.5%)和交通工具(24.9%);44.1%的学生回答看到有人在学校的建筑物内或者室外吸烟,7.4%的学生几乎每天在学校(室内或室外)看到过教师吸烟;城市初中在校学生二手烟暴露受父母是否吸烟(OR=2.614,95%CI:2.092~3.267)、好朋友是否吸烟(OR=2.106,95%CI:1.527~2.906)、在学校是否学习过烟草危害(OR=1.479,95%CI:1.185~1.846)等因素影响。76.5%的学生认为二手烟对其他人的健康会产生危害,赞同室内、室外禁烟的比例分别为60.9%和61.1%;63.1%的学生在过去的30 d内在电视、广播、互联网、户外广告牌、海报、报纸、杂志或电影上听到或看到过控烟的信息,21.2%的学生在体育赛事、集会、音乐会或社区活动、社交聚会等场合看到或听到过控烟信息,35.7%的初中生看到过卷烟包装上的健康警语并对其有正面影响,在课堂上接受过烟草使用危害教育的仅占30.5%。结论辽宁省城市青少年二手烟暴露情况严峻,应尽快出台控制吸烟的相关条例,保护青少年免受于二手烟危害;加大城市青少年二手烟危害的宣传力度和无烟学校创建力度,实现学校、家庭和青少年自身三方共同抵制烟草。
Objective To understand the present situation and influencing factors of secondhand smoke exposure of students in urban junior high schools in Liaoning province, the cognition of students about secondhand smoke hazards and tobacco control, obtain basic data for tobacco control education for adolescents, and establish or amend juvenile tobacco control legislation or regulations Provide evidence. Methods In 2013, a total of 2 913 middle school students were enrolled in Shenyang City, Anshan City, Dandong City, Jinzhou City, Yingkou City and Panjin City by stratified and multistage cluster sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey. The survey mainly includes basic information, exposure to secondhand smoke, attitude of secondhand smoke, knowledge of tobacco control, smoking in schools and tobacco control. SPSS 13.0 software for statistical analysis, comparison of count data between groups using χ ~ 2 test, multivariate analysis using logistic regression analysis. Results In the past 7 days, 71.9% of urban junior high school students were exposed to secondhand smoke. Public places (57.0%), indoor public places (53.0%), families (41.5% ), And transportation (24.9%); 44.1% of students responded that they saw someone smoking inside or outside the school building, and 7.4% saw teacher smoking almost daily at school (indoors or outdoors); urban junior high school Whether students smoke (OR = 2.614, 95% CI: 2.092 ~ 3.267), smoking good (OR = 2.106,95% CI: 1.527 ~ 2.906) 1.479, 95% CI: 1.185 ~ 1.846) and other factors. 76.5% of students think secondhand smoke will harm other people’s health, 60.9% agree with indoor and outdoor non-smoking, and 61.1% of students smoke; 63.1% of students in the past 30 days in television, radio, Internet, outdoor billboards , 21.2% of students saw or heard of tobacco control messages during sports events, rallies, concerts or community events, social gatherings, etc. 35.7% of the respondents said they had read or heard of tobacco control, posters, newspapers, magazines or films. Of junior high school students have seen and positively influenced the health warnings on cigarette packs and received only 30.5% of the education that tobacco use harms in the classroom. Conclusion The exposure of second-hand smoke to adolescents in urban areas of Liaoning Province is serious. Relevant regulations on smoking control should be promulgated as soon as possible so as to protect young people from the harmful effects of second-hand smoke. Publicity efforts to increase second-hand smoking hazards among urban adolescents and the establishment of smoke- And the teenager’s own tripartite boycott of tobacco.