目的:了解云南省15种特有少数民族地区部分住院分娩活产儿出生体重情况,为促进该地区儿童健康提供决策及干预依据。方法:统一制作调查表,收集被调查地区住院分娩新生儿的出生情况,采用Epidata软件用于数据录入,用SPSS.15.for windows作单因素分析,方差分析及多重比较(S-N-K法检验)。结果:不同地区活产儿的出生体重差异无统计学意义;不同民族活产儿出生体重之间亦无统计学意义;出生体重与孕次呈轻度正相关,但孕次≥5次以上出生体重呈下降趋势,男性出生体重与产次呈负相关;出生体重与孕周呈显著正相关;产妇年龄在20～40岁之间出生体重随着产妇的增龄而增加,40岁以上则降低。结论:提倡适龄生育,避免过度怀孕是优生优育、降低LBW发生率、提高出生人口素质的重要措施。 OBJECTIVE: To understand the birth weight of some live births in 15 ethnic minority areas in Yunnan Province, and to provide decision-making and intervention basis for promoting children’s health in this area. Methods: A questionnaire was made to collect the birth of newborn infants born in hospital during the survey. Epidata software was used for data entry. SPSS.15.for windows was used for univariate analysis, analysis of variance and multiple comparisons (S-N-K test). Results: There was no significant difference in birth weight among live births in different regions. There was no significant difference in birth weight between live births of different ethnic groups. There was a negative correlation between birth weight and birth weight. Birth weight was positively correlated with gestational age. Birth weight between 20 and 40 years old increased with the aging of maternal age, but decreased over 40 years old. Conclusion: Advocating child-bearing age and avoiding over-pregnancy are important measures for prenatal and postnatal care, reducing the incidence of LBW and improving the quality of newborn babies.