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目的了解学龄前儿童的执行功能问题的发生状况,分析睡眠问题与儿童执行功能的关系。方法于2014年5月-2015年6月期间,对就读于马鞍山市91所幼儿园12 363名3~5岁学龄前儿童进行问卷调查(由家长评价儿童睡眠问题),运用执行功能行为评定量表学龄前版(BRIEF-P)评定儿童的执行功能发育状况。结果学龄前儿童年龄越大,父母亲文化程度越高,执行功能得分越低(功能越好),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女童的执行功能得分显著低于男童(P<0.05)。睡眠质量越好,入睡时间越短,睡眠障碍越少,执行功能得分越低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,睡眠质量差(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.51~2.48)、入睡慢(OR=2.05,95%CI:1.52~2.78)、睡眠障碍多(OR=1.54,95%CI:1.35~1.76)是执行功能可疑的危险因素,其关联有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童睡眠问题对执行功能的发育有负面影响。家长应为儿童创造良好的睡眠环境,促进儿童的健康成长。
Objective To understand the occurrence of pre-school children’s executive function problems and to analyze the relationship between sleep problems and children’s executive function. Methods Between May 2014 and June 2015, 12 363 pre-school children aged 3-5 years old from 91 kindergartens in Ma’anshan City were surveyed by the parents (children’s sleep problems were assessed by parents), and the performance-based behavioral assessment scale A BRIEF-P assessment of children’s executive function developmental status. Results The older the preschool-age children, the higher the educational level of parents and the lower the executive function score (the better the function), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Girls performed significantly lower performance scores than boys (P <0.05). The better the sleep quality, the shorter sleep time, the less sleep disturbance, the lower the executive function score, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that sleep quality was poor (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.51-2.48), slow sleep (OR = 2.05,95% CI 1.52-2.78) 1.35 ~ 1.76) were risk factors for performing suspicious function, and the correlation was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Preschoolers’ sleep problems have a negative impact on the executive function. Parents should create a good sleeping environment for children and promote the healthy growth of children.