论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨医院中金黄色葡萄球菌及其中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)气溶胶的浓度及其粒径分布特征,为医院有效防治气源感染提供基础资料。方法用FA-1型六级筛孔撞击式空气微生物采样器采集3所医院的大厅、ICU及普通外科病房的室内空气。同时采集医院外上风空气作为对照。分析金黄色葡萄球菌及MRSA气溶胶在不同采样点的浓度及其气溶胶粒径分布。结果金黄色葡萄球菌气溶胶总浓度及可吸入浓度均在大厅中最高,分别为166.08 cfu/m3及102.47 cfu/m3,其他依次为病房、ICU及室外;MRSA气溶胶总浓度与可吸入浓度均在ICU中最高,分别为63.60 cfu/m3和28.27 cfu/m3,其次为大厅、普通外科病房及室外。金黄色葡萄球菌及MRSA气溶胶浓度室内外比值均超过1.0。总体上医院内金黄色葡萄球菌可吸入气溶胶颗粒(分布在采样器第三~六级,粒子直径≤4.7μm)占54.80%;医院内MRSA可吸入气溶胶颗粒占54.95%。结论医院空气中存在气载金黄色葡萄球菌及MRSA污染,50%以上的气溶胶粒子≤4.7μm,构成下呼吸道感染威胁,应加强对医院空气中致病菌的监测及消毒工作。
Objective To investigate the concentration and particle size distribution characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitals and provide basic information for effective prevention and treatment of airborne infections in hospitals. Methods The indoor air of the three hospital lobbies, ICU and general surgical ward was collected using FA-1 six-level sieve impact air microorganism sampler. At the same time outside the hospital to collect the air as a control. The concentration and aerosol particle size distribution of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA aerosols at different sampling points were analyzed. Results The total aerosol concentration and respirable concentration of Staphylococcus aureus were the highest in the hall, 166.08 cfu / m3 and 102.47 cfu / m3 respectively, followed by ward, ICU and outdoor respectively. The total aerosol concentration and respirable concentration of MRSA Highest in the ICU were 63.60 cfu / m3 and 28.27 cfu / m3 respectively, followed by the lobby, general surgical ward and outdoors. Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA aerosol concentrations of both indoor and outdoor ratio of more than 1.0. In general, the in-hospital Staphylococcus aureus respirable aerosol particles (distributed in the sampler three to six, particle diameter ≤ 4.7μm) accounted for 54.80%; hospital MRSA respirable aerosol particles accounted for 54.95%. Conclusions The presence of airborne Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA contamination in the air of the hospital, with more than 50% of the aerosol particles being less than or equal to 4.7μm, poses a threat to lower respiratory tract infection. Monitoring and disinfection of pathogens in the air of the hospital should be strengthened.