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山东省陶庄煤矿水采二号煤层采深为800～1000m;顶板为坚硬砂岩,单压强度为1300kg/cm~2,能够积聚能量。煤层上垂直压力可达600kg/cm~2。以上由于原开采程序不合理,冲击地压频繁发生,严重威胁安全生产。为了解决这个问题,作者自1980年起应邀进行了改革水采程序的研究,通过与枣庄矿务局科研所和陶庄煤矿的密切合作,在现场进行了详细的研究和实践。同时,通过相似材料模拟和电子计算机有限元模拟研究了冲击地压发生的原因和防治的关键。通过研究和比较单—水道开采和多水道联合开采等多种开采程序后,找到了能大幅度降低冲击地压危险的开采程序。本文不仅介绍了研究结果,还描述了冲击地压的预测方法,包括利用顶底板移近量曲线的曲率最大点测定支承压力的高峰位置和利用顶板断裂前后压力显现的变化规律预测老顶来压。从而,为实现改革开采程序奠定了基础。
The mining depth of No.2 coal seam of Taozhuang Coal Mine in Shandong Province is 800 ~ 1000m. The roof is a hard sandstone with single compressive strength of 1300kg / cm ~ 2, which can accumulate energy. Vertical pressure on the coal seam up to 600kg / cm ~ 2. As the original mining procedures unreasonable, frequent rockburst occurred, a serious threat to safety in production. In order to solve this problem, the author has been invited to carry out the research on the reform of water and mining procedures since 1980 and conducted detailed research and practice on the site through the close cooperation with Zaozhuang Mining Bureau Scientific Research Institute and Taozhuang Coal Mine. At the same time, the causes of rock burst and the key points of prevention and cure were studied by simulation of similar materials and computer simulation. After studying and comparing various mining processes such as single-channel mining and multi-channel joint mining, a mining program has been found to greatly reduce the risk of rock burst. This paper not only introduces the research results, but also describes the prediction methods of rockburst, including the use of the maximum curvature of the top and bottom plate near the curve of the maximum pressure to determine the location and the use of roof pressure changes before and after fracture prediction of the old top pressure . Thus, the process of reform and mining laid the foundation.