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基于清江上游水布垭区域的数字高程模型(DEM)数据,提取出了研究区域水系、勾画了研究区域边界,并计算了研究区域地形指数分布。采用基于数字高程模型(DEM)的分布式水文模型(DDRM)来进行降雨-径流模拟。在Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数、洪峰相对误差、径流深相对误差等方面对基于DEM的分布式水文模型和三水源新安江模型进行了比较分析。结果表明:在径流深模拟方面新安江模型略好于DDRM,在洪峰流量及峰现时间方面DDRM略好于新安江模型,模拟的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数两者相当,总体上基于DEM的分布式水文模型和三水源新安江模型模拟效果相当。基于DEM的分布式水文模型与三水源新安江模型相比,其优点是模型结构简单、参数较少、物理过程明确,而且能够模拟流域土壤含水量和径流量的空间分布。
Based on the digital elevation model (DEM) data of the Shuibuya area in the upper reaches of the Qingjiang River, the water system of the study area was extracted, the boundary of the study area was delineated, and the distribution of the topography index of the study area was calculated. Rainfall-runoff simulations were conducted using a Distributed Hydrological Model (DDRM) based on Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Based on the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, the peak relative error and the relative error of runoff depth, the DEM-based distributed hydrological model and the Sankuang Xin’anjiang model are comparatively analyzed. The results show that Xin’anjiang model is slightly better than DDRM in terms of runoff depth simulation, DDRM is slightly better than Xin’anjiang model in terms of peak flow and peak time, and the simulated Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient is similar. Generally speaking, DEM- The hydrological model and Sanshui source Xin’anjiang model have similar simulation results. The advantage of DEM-based distributed hydrological model is that it has simple structure, less parameters, clear physical process and can simulate the spatial distribution of soil moisture and runoff in the basin compared with the Sinkiang-Xin’an model.