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目的了解象山县各年龄段妇女宫颈病变标本人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)阳性率、多重感染及亚型分布情况,为预防HPV感染和宫颈癌提供理论依据。方法应用反向点杂交技术检测1138个可疑患者标本,并进行23种HPV基因亚型检测分型。结果 1138例样本中,HPV感染者为430例,阳性率37.8%,检出高危基因型(HPV16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68、73、MM4型)368例,约占感染者的85.6%;检出低危基因型(HPV6,11,42,43型)62例,约占感染者的14.4%。在检出类型中单一感染306例,占感染人数的71.2%;多重阳性率为28.8%(其中双重感染86例,占感染人数的20.0%,三重感染22例,占感染人数的5.1%,四重感染14例,占感染人数的3.2%,五重感染2例,占感染人数的0.5%)。检测结果中高危型基因型排在前五位的是HPV16(23.7%)、HPV58(14.0%)、HPV33(9.8%)、HPV52(8.4%)、HPV18(6.5%),低危型主要是HPV11(7.4%)。年龄不同的人群HPV阳性率各有不同,≤20岁的人群阳性率为10.4%,21-30岁人群阳性率为40.1%,31-40岁的人群阳性率为44.6%,41-50的人群阳性率为31.9%,>50岁以上的阳性率为20.7%。结论本地区妇女宫颈HPV阳性率及多重阳性率较高,主要为单一基因型感染,常见的HPV感染基因型为HPV16、58、33、52、11、18。HPV感染与女性年龄、宫颈病变密切相关。
Objective To understand the positive rate, multiple infection and subtype distribution of cervical papillomavirus (HPV) in women of all ages in Xiangshan County, and to provide a theoretical basis for preventing HPV infection and cervical cancer. Methods 1138 suspicious patients were detected by dot blot hybridization and 23 HPV genotypes were detected. Results Among the 1138 samples, 430 were HPV-infected and the positive rate was 37.8%. High-risk genotypes were detected (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 368 cases, 66 cases, 68 cases, 73 cases, MM4 cases) accounted for 85.6% of infected persons. 62 cases of low-risk genotypes (HPV6,11,42,43) were detected, accounting for 14.4% of those infected. Among the detected types, 306 cases were single infection, accounting for 71.2% of the total infected persons. The multiple positive rate was 28.8% (including 86 cases of double infection, 20% of infected persons, 22 cases of triple infection, 5.1% of infected persons, 14 cases of severe infection, accounting for 3.2% of the number of infections, five cases of infection in 2 cases, accounting for 0.5% of the number of infections). Among the top 5 high risk genotypes, HPV16 (23.7%), HPV58 (9.8%), HPV52 (8.4%), HPV18 (7.4%). The HPV positive rate varies among people of different ages. The positive rate of HPV in people ≤20 years old is 10.4%, the positive rate is 40.1% in 21-30 years old, 44.6% in 31-40 years old, 41-50 people The positive rate was 31.9%, the positive rate of> 50 years old was 20.7%. Conclusion The HPV positive rate and multiple positive rate of cervical cancer in this area are high, mainly single genotype infection. The common HPV genotypes are HPV16,58,33,52,11,18. HPV infection and female age, cervical lesions are closely related.