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分别从黑土、黄绵土、黄棕壤、红壤和砖红壤提取<2nm的胶体,测定去有机质前后土壤胶体比表面;并用猪粪中提取的胡敏酸与上述5种土壤胶体相作用,由泥炭中提取的胡敏酸与蒙脱石、伊利石、高岭石相作用,测定其复合胶体的比表面;研究了粘粒矿物类型和胡敏酸对土壤胶体比表面的影响。结果表明,土壤胶体比表面大小与其所含主要粘粒矿物类型密切相关。5种土壤胶体比表面大小为:黑土>黄棕壤>黄绵土>红壤>砖红壤。砖红壤胶体去游离氧化铁后,胶体比表面明显降低;但黄棕壤胶体去游离氧化铁后比表面反而增加。有机质对土壤胶体比表面的影响因土壤类型不同而异,去除有机质后,黑土、黄绵土和黄棕壤胶体的比表面增加;而红壤、砖红壤胶体的比表面无明显变化。黑土和黄棕壤胶体与猪粪胡敏酸复合后,比表面降低;而砖红壤胶体与猪粪胡敏酸复合后反而增加。泥炭胡敏酸与蒙脱石、伊利石胶体复合后比表面降低;而高岭石却增加。
The colloids of <2 nm were extracted from black soil, loessial soil, yellow brown soil, red soil and red brick soils to determine the specific surface area of soil colloids before and after organic matter removal. The humic acid extracted from pig manure interacted with the above five kinds of soil colloids, The extracted humic acid interacted with montmorillonite, illite and kaolinite to determine the specific surface area of the complex colloids. The effect of clay mineral types and humic acid on the specific surface area of soil colloids was also studied. The results show that the specific surface area of soil colloids is closely related to the type of the main clay minerals. The specific surface area of the five soil colloids is: black soil> yellow brown soil> yellow soil> red soil> red soil. Brick red soil colloid to free iron oxide, the colloidal surface was significantly reduced; but yellow brown colloidal free iron oxide instead of the surface but increased. The effect of organic matters on the specific surface area of soil colloids varied with different soil types. After removal of organic matter, the specific surface area of black soil, yellow soil and yellow brown soil colloids increased, while that of red soil and red earth red soil did not change significantly. Black soil and yellow brown colloids and pig manure humic acid compound, the specific surface decreased; and brick red soil colloids and pig manure humic acid compound but increased. Peat humic acid and montmorillonite, illite colloidal complex surface decreased; and kaolinite increased.