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从人类社会盛衰兴亡的角度看,儒学与秦汉帝国在人类文明史上具有重要的地位和意义。在古代政治秩序变迁与转型以及帝国政制的构建中,儒学随之诞生并对其产生积极影响。在古代政权及其更迭的正当性论证、古代政制模式的生成与选择以及古代帝国政制的构造过程中,儒学经历了潜隐、蜕变与尝试之后,终于在汉武帝时转化为帝国政制的哲学基础,并在随后的政治博弈中不断自我修复完善。其中,既有儒家学者的智识努力与政治实践,也有统治者的政治决断与个人偏好,它们与其他因素相互纠葛作用,共同塑造了中华文明的政道与治道的历史。
From the perspective of the rise and fall of human society, Confucianism and the Qin and Han Empires have an important position and significance in the history of human civilization. In the vicissitudes and transformations of the ancient political order and the construction of the empire’s political system, Confucianism was born with a positive impact on it. During the justification of the ancient regime and its replacement, the formation and selection of the ancient political system and the construction of the ancient imperial political system, Confucianism eventually underwent a latent transformation and attempt and finally turned into imperial political system during the Han Dynasty Philosophical basis, and in the subsequent political game constantly self-repair and perfection. Among them, not only the intellectual efforts and political practice of Confucian scholars, but also the political decisions and personal preferences of the rulers, which play a role in interdependence with other factors and jointly shaped the history of the politics and governance of the Chinese civilization.