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目的探讨产后出血发生的原因和相关因素及防治措施,降低孕产妇死亡率。方法对1996年1月～2006年12月收治的420例产后出血患者的临床资料进行分析。结果产后出血发生率4.6%,发生在2h内84.2%;产后出血的原因主要为宫缩乏力、胎盘因素、软产道裂伤、凝血功能障碍。相关因素包括未进行孕期保健、有妊娠并发症及孕产史、剖宫产、产程延长、多胎巨大儿羊水过多、无早接触及早吸吮等。结论产后出血是产科最常见最危急的并发症之一,发生率较高,与多种因素相关;加强孕前宣教及孕期管理、严格掌握剖宫产指征、提高医务人员助产技术、加强产后观察等可减少产后出血的发生。
Objective To investigate the causes of postpartum hemorrhage and related factors and prevention and treatment measures to reduce maternal mortality. Methods Clinical data of 420 patients with postpartum hemorrhage admitted from January 1996 to December 2006 were analyzed. Results The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was 4.6%, 84.2% within 2h. The main causes of postpartum hemorrhage were uterine atony, placental factors, soft birth canal laceration and coagulation dysfunction. Relevant factors include the lack of prenatal care, pregnancy complications and history of pregnancy, cesarean section, prolonged labor, excessive polyhydramnios, polyhydramnios, early morning without contact with early sucking. Conclusions Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the commonest and most common complication of obstetrics. The incidence is high, which is related to many factors. It is necessary to strengthen prenatal education and pregnancy management, strictly control indications of cesarean section, improve midwifery of medical staff, Observation can reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage.