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Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP-4)how to regulate prolactin(PRL)secreting,cell proliferation and invasiveness in human prolactinoma.Methods: Ten patients who diagnosed as prolactinoma by clinical characteristics and pathology were divided into two groups,one was sensitive to Bromocriptine,the other was insensitive to Bromocriptine.Every case was conducted by primal cell culture then treated by different concentrations of BMP-4.The cell configuration was observed and PRL hormone was measured in different times.The expressions of BMP-4 mRNA and BMP-4 in 37 cases of prolactinoma and 8 cases of normal pituitary tissues samples were detected by immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization technique,and the results were analyzed by statistic methods.Results: BMP-4(5ng/mL)could accelerate the secreting of PRL in prolactinoma cell,and it could reach the greatest effect in the concentration of20 ng/mL.BMP-4 could increase prolactinoma cell proliferation,but when the concentration was 50 ng/mL,the BMP-4 effect of increasing secreting decreased.When 100 ng/mL,the cell began to die.The effects of the BMP-4 in sensitive group and insensitive group had no difference.The BMP-4 was highly expressed in the prolactinomas and was positively related with the invasiveness grades.Conclusion: BMP-4 have positive regulation in prolactinoma secreting,proliferation,invasiveness effects.BMP-4 probably has the important role in prolactinoma pathogenesis.