论文部分内容阅读
[目的]了解西宁市交通事故伤害多发的时间、地点、人群分布特征及事故多发的主要原因,为预防和降低车祸发生提供科学依据。[方法]采用伤害流行病学调查方法对2000～2004年西宁市的交通伤害发生的时间、驾驶员驾龄、道路、死亡人员职业等资料进行分析。[结果]2000～2004年西宁市共发生交通事故6016起,共造成859人死亡、4104人受伤,直接经济损失764.97万元。5年间车祸致死率差异有统计学意义(χ2=136.29,P﹤0.001);经圆形分布分析显示1年中4月29日车祸发生次数最多;1周中周一的车祸发生次数最多;一天24h中车祸事故发生无统计学差异;驾龄在5年以下的司机车祸发生次数、死亡人数和受伤人数分别占56.22%、56.36%和57.87%;平直路段事故5442起,占90.46%;事故原因主要为机动车驾驶人违章、违规造成,占87.63%;其次为行人或乘车人员造成,占8.10%。[结论]道路交通事故已逐步成为西宁市成人群体最主要的死因之一,预防和降低车祸不仅是各级政府和道路交通主管部门的责任,而且也是全社会的责任,要齐抓共管。通过改善道路设施,加强监督管理提高驾驶员和社会人群的安全意识和教育措施,可有效降低车祸的发生和人员死亡。
[Objective] To understand the time, place, crowd distribution characteristics and the main causes of accidents in Xining City, and provide a scientific basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of car accidents. [Methods] The epidemiological investigation methods of injuries were used to analyze the time of traffic injuries, drivers’ driving experience, roads and the occupational occupations of death in Xining during 2000-2004. [Result] A total of 6016 traffic accidents occurred in Xining City from 2000 to 2004, resulting in 859 deaths and 4104 injured. The direct economic loss was 7.6497 million yuan. The death rate of car accident in 5 years was significantly different (χ2 = 136.29, P <0.001). According to the circular distribution analysis, the number of car accidents was the highest on April 29 in 1 year; the number of car accidents was the highest on Monday in 1 week; There was no significant difference in car accidents among the drivers. The number of car accidents and the number of casualties and injuries sustained by drivers whose driving experience was less than 5 years accounted for 56.22%, 56.36% and 57.87%, respectively; 5442 accidents caused by straight sections, accounting for 90.46% For motor vehicle drivers illegal, caused by irregularities, accounting for 87.63%; followed by pedestrians or riders, accounting for 8.10%. [Conclusion] Road traffic accidents have gradually become one of the major causes of death among adult groups in Xining. Prevention and reduction of car accidents are not only the responsibility of all levels of government and road traffic authorities, but also the responsibility of the whole society. By improving road facilities, strengthening supervision and management and raising awareness of safety among drivers and the general public, education measures can effectively reduce the number of car accidents and deaths.