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为探讨重口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax davidi)鳞片发育规律,采用茜素红饱和中性水溶液染色法和组织学方法观察了实验室养殖的重口裂腹鱼稚鱼鳞片发生和覆盖过程。结果显示,重口裂腹鱼鳞片开始发生和覆盖完成的时间分别为出膜后第62天和第110天。鳞片覆盖过程中,出现的6个鳞片发生的起始位置(出现时间)依次为鳃盖后缘侧线处(出膜后62天)、尾柄中部侧线处(出膜后71天)、臀鳍基部(出膜后79天)、腹鳍基部(出膜后83天)、背鳍基部前缘(出膜后91天)和峡部(出膜后104天)。组织学观察结果表明,鳞片发育主要经历了形态发生早期、形态发生晚期、分化早期、分化晚期和鳞片折叠期5个阶段。鳞被覆盖过程中,鳞被覆盖率(CR,%)与日龄(D,d)和体长(L,mm)的关系分别为:CR=-0.001 4D3+0.357 3D2-28.408 0D+712.78(拟合度判定系数R2=0.980 5,n=77,P<0.000 1),CR=0.007 7L3-0.944 4L2+43.092 0L-634.35(拟合度判定系数R2=0.508 4,n=77,P<0.000 1),鳞被覆盖率与日龄显著相关(r=0.984,P<0.000 1),与体长的相关性较低(r=0.771,P<0.000 1),这表明重口裂腹鱼鳞片发生和覆盖与日龄关系密切。这些研究结果丰富了重口裂腹鱼早期发育生物学资料,有助于了解其在系统学和功能形态学上的特征。
In order to investigate the development of scales in Schizothorax davidi, alizarin red saturated neutral aqueous solution staining and histological methods were used to observe the occurrence and coverage of juvenile squama of Schizothorax davidi. The results showed that the beginning of Crataegus scaly scales and the completion time of covering were 62 days and 110 days after filming. In the process of scaling, the starting position (appearance time) of the six scales occurred was the lateral line of the gill cover posterior margin (62 days after the filming), the lateral line of the caudal peduncle (71 days after the filming), the base of the anal fin (79 days after filming), base of pelvic fin (83 days after filming), leading edge of base of dorsal fin (91 days after filming) and isthmus (104 days after filming). Histological observations showed that the development of scales mainly experienced five stages of early morphogenesis, late morphogenesis, early differentiation, late differentiation and fold of scales. The relationship between the coverage of the scales (CR,%) and the age (D, d) and the body length (L, mm) was as follows: CR = -0.001 4D3 + 0.357 3D2-28.408 0D + 712.78 The coefficient of determination of fit was R2 = 0.9805, n = 77, P <0.0001), CR = 0.007 7L3-0.944 4L2 + 43.092 0L-634.35 (the coefficient of fit was R2 = 0.508 4, n = 77, P <0.000 (R = 0.984, P <0.000 1), but lower correlation with body length (r = 0.771, P <0.000 1), indicating that the scales coverage was significantly correlated with age Occurrence and coverage and age are closely related. These findings enriched the early developmental biology of Crappopus fuscus and helped to understand its characteristics in both systematic and functional morphology.