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目的分析灌阳县1951~2013年疟疾防治效果,为制定疟疾防控措施提供依据。方法收集灌阳县1951~2013年疟疾病原学、血清学监测等数据,进行统计分析。结果灌阳县50~60年代为间日疟和恶性疟高度流行区,50年代共报告病例18 747例,年均发病率144.63/万;60年代共报告疟疾病例1 133例,年均发病率为6.14/万;70年代后疟疾疫情日趋平缓。50年代有96.67%的病例为临床诊断病例,60年代疟疾病例全部为临床诊断病例,1972年以后再无临床诊断病例。到1980年后再无本地病例报告。1980年开始报告输入性疟疾病例38例,80年代报告475例,年均发病率为1.92/万;90年代报告96例,年均发病率为0.36/万;2001~2013年共报告输入性疟疾病例50例,年均发病率为0.13/万;2006年起无输入性疟疾病例报告。输入性病例感染来源主要为云南,海南、贵州、广东次之,2003年以后输入性病例来源转为以国外缅甸、越南国家为主;病例所从事工种以种植为主,挖矿、伐木次之。结论灌阳县当地疟疾流行得到有效控制,加强流动人口疟疾监测与管理是巩固疟防成果的关键。
Objective To analyze the malaria control effect of Guanyang County from 1951 to 2013 and provide evidence for malaria prevention and control measures. Methods The data of malaria etiology and serological surveillance from 1951 to 2013 in Guanyang County were collected and statistically analyzed. Results Guanyang County was a highly endemic area of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum from 1950s to 1960s. A total of 18 747 cases were reported in the 1950s, with an average annual incidence of 144.63 / million. A total of 1 133 cases of malaria cases were reported in the 1960s with an average annual incidence 6.14 / million; after the 1970s, the epidemic of malaria has been easing. In the 1950s, 96.67% of the cases were clinically diagnosed. In the 1960s, all the cases of malaria were clinically diagnosed, and no clinical diagnosis was made after 1972. There will be no local case report after 1980. In 1980, 38 imported cases of imported malaria and 475 cases in the 1980s were reported, with an average annual incidence of 1.92 / million. In the 1990s, 96 cases were reported, with an average annual incidence of 0.36 / million. A total of imported malaria cases were reported from 2001 to 2013 50 cases, the average annual incidence was 0.13 / million; no imported malaria cases since 2006. The sources of imported cases of infection were mainly Yunnan, Hainan, Guizhou and Guangdong, followed by the imported cases from 2003 to 2000. The cases were mainly from foreign Burma and Vietnam. The cases were mainly planted with crops, followed by mining and logging . Conclusion The local malaria epidemic in Guanyang County is effectively controlled. Strengthening the monitoring and management of malaria in floating population is the key to consolidating the results of malaria prevention.